Locating files with the find command
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Locating files using the find command
The find command is a powerful utility that allows the user to find files located in the file system via criteria such as the file name, when file was last accessed, when the file status was last changed, the file’s permissions, owner, group, size.
Find a file “foo.bar” that exists somewhere in the file system
find / -name foo.bar -printOn most platforms the -print is optional, however, on some systems nothing will be output without it. Without specifications find searches recursively through all directories.
Find a file without searching network or mounted file systems
find / -name foo.bar -print -xdevThis is useful if you have network drives that you know the file would not be located on. “-mount” does the same thing as “-xdev” for compatibility with other versions of find.
Find a file without showing “Permission Denied” messages
find / -name foo.bar -print 2>/dev/nullWhen find tries to search a directory or file that you do not have permission to read the message “Permission Denied” will be output to the screen. The 2>/dev/null option sends these messages to /dev/null so that the found files are easily viewed.
Find a file, who’s name ends with .bar, within the current directory and only search 2 directories deep
find . -name *.bar -maxdepth 2 -print
Search directories “./dir1” and “./dir2” for a file "foo.bar
find ./dir1 ./dir2 -name foo.bar -print
Search for files that are owned by the user “skippie”
find /some/directory -user skippie -printThe files output will belong to the user “skippie”. Similar criteria are -uid to search for a user by their numerical id, -group to search by a group name, and -gid to search by a group id number.
Find a file that is a certain type. “-type l” searches for symbolic links
find /any/directory -type l -print
Several types of files can be searched for: Several types of files can be searched for:
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b block (buffered) special
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c character (unbuffered) special
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d directory
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p named pipe (FIFO)
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f regular file
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l symbolic link
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s socket
Search for directories that contain the phrase “foo” but do not end in “.bar”
find . -name '*foo*' ! -name '*.bar' -type d -printThe “!” allows you to exclude results that contain the phrases following it.
find becomes extremely useful when combined with other commands. One such combination would be using find and grep together.
find ~/documents -type f -name '*.txt' \ -exec grep -s DOGS {} \; -print -
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3JUgg6grmbJ1wJ4mTU9fUxXGSMK6trSwKq
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Create a shell script that will dump the Redis database
cd ~ mkdir redi-backups-script cd redis-backups-script nano redis_backups-script.shPaste the script below:
#!/bin/bash rdb_file="/Place-directory-of-rdb-here/redis/dump.rdb" redis_cli="/usr/bin/redis-cli" DIR=`date +%d-%m-%y` DEST=~/redis_backups/$DIR mkdir $DEST echo save| $redis_cli exit 1Set script to executable:
chmod +x ~/scripts/redis_backups-script.shCreate a cron to run daily:
Then create a cron job to run the script every day at midnight:
crontab -e 0 0 * * * ~/redis-backups-script/redis_backup.shRestore RDB backup
Disable Append Only in the config:
nano /etc/redis/redis.conf appendonly noStop redis:
sudo service redis-server stopRestore the redis backup:
rename the rdb file you wish sudo cp /home/redis/dump.rdb /home/redis/dump.rdb.bak
You can then copy the backup rdb file as follows:
sudo cp /redis_backups/------/dump.rdb /home/redis/dump.rdbApply the proper permissions to the dump.rdb file:
sudo chmod 660 /home/redis/dump.rdbRe-starting Redis server
sudo service redis-server start
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Install Zabbix 7.2 repo
wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/7.2/release/debian/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_latest_7.2+debian12_all.deb
dpkg -i zabbix-release_latest_7.2+debian12_all.deb
Update repos
apt update
Install Zabbix server and frontend
apt install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-nginx-conf zabbix-sql-scripts zabbix-agent2
Install plugins
apt install zabbix-agent2-plugin-mongodb zabbix-agent2-plugin-mssql zabbix-agent2-plugin-postgresql
Install mysql
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb
Error on this new install, where lsb-release is not installed
apt-get install lsb-release
Try again…
dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.debError, gnupg not installed
apt install gnupg2
Give it another go…
dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb
I had to list upgradable packages :
apt-list --upgradableWhich spit out : mysql-common/unknown 8.4.4-1debian12 all [upgradable from: 5.8+1.1.0]
Then installed mysql-common
apt-get install mysql-common
Had to uninstall Mariadb to resolve these conflicts
apt remove mariadb-client-coreThen install mysql-server:
apt install mysql-server
Enter your password, twice
Now enter mysql by typing :
mysql -u root -p
Enter the following command individually Where ‘password’ is where you type in your actual own password
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin; mysql> create user zabbix@localhost identified by 'password'; mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost; mysql> set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1; mysql> quit;Populate the database with zabbix script
zcat /usr/share/zabbix/sql-scripts/mysql/server.sql.gz | mysql --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -uzabbix -p zabbix mysql --u root -p set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0; quit;Edit file /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf You can use nano
nano /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.confUncomment the DBPassword section, and type your password
Then hold ctrl and tap x, it will ask if you want to save changes.
Enable services:
systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 nginx php8.2-fpm systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 nginx php8.2-fpmCheck that zabbix service has started
journalctl -xeu zabbix-server.service
Delete the 'default site in nginx
sudo rm -rf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/defaultMake sure the symbolic link to the zabbix nginx file is present
ln -s /etc/zabbix/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/zabbix.confCheck that the zabbix nginx file is in the includes in nginx config
nano /etc/nginx/nginx.confLook for :
include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*Now restart nginx
systemctl restart nginxHit the browser and type in the IP (or URL that you may have put in the zabbix nginx config file)
Make sure to configure locales
sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales
Reboot the system
sudo shutdown -r now
Add your database password
Add a server name
The default username is Admin, and the password is zabbix
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Unable to negotiate with 10.10.1.35 port 22: no matching host key type found. Their offer: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss
While attempting ssh this error is generally due to mismatched versions of ssh, where an up to date version is attempting to access an older version
Add the following to your command :
The proper way:
ssh -o KexAlgorithms=diffie-hellman-group14-sha1 -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss 10.10.1.35The cheap way:
Example :
ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss 10.10.1.35or ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss user@10.10.1.35
This can be added to the ~/.ssh/config file
Host my-server HostName 10.10.1.35 HostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss