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  • rickR

    zpool destroy /dev/ada0 operation not permitted

    FreeBSD Notes permitted operation freebsd zfs not ada0
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    rickR
    If attempting to install FreeBSD on a disk which previously belongs to a ZFS, and you get this error: Before installing, select the option ‘shell’ Once in the shell, remove geom protections by running: sysctl kern.geom.debugflags=0x10 When your finished, type exit and return to the install / configure screen.
  • rickR

    Bhyve Hypervisor Freebsd ZFS

    FreeBSD Notes hypervisor freebsd bhyve vm zfs
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    rickR
    Alternatively or in addition to the above to install bhyve: pkg install vm-bhyve bhyve-firmware bhyve-rc-3 grub2-bhyve Output: To ensure binaries built with this toolchain find appropriate versions of the necessary run-time libraries, you may want to link using -Wl,-rpath=/usr/local/lib/gcc48 For ports leveraging USE_GCC, USES=compiler, or USES=fortran this happens transparently. ===> NOTICE: This port is deprecated; you may wish to reconsider installing it: Unsupported by upstream. Use GCC 6 or newer instead… Message from vm-bhyve-1.1.8_1: To enable vm-bhyve, please add the following lines to /etc/rc.conf, depending on whether you are using ZFS storage or not. Please note that the directory or dataset specified should already exist. vm_enable="YES" vm_dir="zfs:pool/dataset" OR vm_enable="YES" vm_dir="/directory/path" Then run : vm init If upgrading from 1.0 or earlier, please note that the ‘guest’ configuration option is no longer used. Guests that are not using UEFI boot will need either loader=“grub” or loader=“bhyveload” in their configuration in order to make sure the correct loader is used. Message from bhyve-rc-3: Configuration is done completely though rc.conf. The rc script won’t touch any devices for you (neither disk, nor tap) so you need to make sure all of those have been initialized properly. General setup: kldload vmm net.link.tap.up_on_open=1 Make it persistent: echo "net.link.tap.up_on_open=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf cat >> /boot/loader.conf << EOF vmm_load="YES" EOF Minimal example: cat >> /etc/rc.conf << EOF cloned_interfaces="tap0 bridge0" bhyve_enable="YES" bhyve_diskdev="/dev/zvol/anything/bhyve/virt" EOF ifconfig tap0 create ifconfig bridge0 create service bhyve start tmux list-sessions tmux attach -t bhyve service bhyve status service bhyve stop Multi profile configuration example: cat >> /etc/rc.conf << EOF cloned_interfaces="tap0 tap1 bridge0" bhyve_enable="YES" bhyve_profiles="virt1 virt2" bhyve_virt1_diskdev="/dev/zvol/anything/bhyve/virt1" bhyve_virt2_tapdev="tap1" bhyve_virt2_diskdev="/dev/zvol/anything/bhyve/virt2" bhyve_virt2_memsize="8192" bhyve_virt2_ncpu="4" EOF ifconfig tap0 create ifconfig tap1 create ifconfig bridge0 create service bhyve start # start all service bhyve start virt2 # start individual tmux attach -t bhyve_virt1 tmux attach -t bhyve_virt1 service bhyve stop virt2 # stop individual service bhyve stop # stop all (by default ctrl-b d detaches from tmux).
FreeBSD Notes
  • rickR
    rick

    Install Zabbix 7.2 repo

    wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/7.2/release/debian/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_latest_7.2+debian12_all.deb

    zab1.png

    dpkg -i zabbix-release_latest_7.2+debian12_all.deb

    zab2.png

    Update repos

    apt update

    zab3.png

    Install Zabbix server and frontend

    apt install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-nginx-conf zabbix-sql-scripts zabbix-agent2

    zab4.png

    Install plugins

    apt install zabbix-agent2-plugin-mongodb zabbix-agent2-plugin-mssql zabbix-agent2-plugin-postgresql

    zab5.png

    Install mysql

    wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb

    zab-6sql.png

    sudo dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb

    Error on this new install, where lsb-release is not installed

    zab7sql-error.png

    apt-get install lsb-release

    zab7lsb.png

    Try again…

    dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb

    Error, gnupg not installed

    zab7gnupgerror.png

    apt install gnupg2

    zab7gnupg2.png

    Give it another go…

    dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb

    zab7sqltui.png

    zab7sql.png

    I had to list upgradable packages :

    apt-list --upgradable

    Which spit out : mysql-common/unknown 8.4.4-1debian12 all [upgradable from: 5.8+1.1.0]

    Then installed mysql-common

    apt-get install mysql-common

    zabbix-7-sqlgoofs.png

    Had to uninstall Mariadb to resolve these conflicts

    apt remove mariadb-client-core

    Then install mysql-server:

    apt install mysql-server

    zab7-sql-common.png

    zab7-sql-rootpass.png

    Enter your password, twice

    Now enter mysql by typing :

    mysql -u root -p

    zab7-mysql-enter.png

    Enter the following command individually Where ‘password’ is where you type in your actual own password

    mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin; mysql> create user zabbix@localhost identified by 'password'; mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost; mysql> set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1; mysql> quit;

    Populate the database with zabbix script

    zcat /usr/share/zabbix/sql-scripts/mysql/server.sql.gz | mysql --default-character-set=utf8mb4 -uzabbix -p zabbix mysql --u root -p set global log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0; quit;

    Edit file /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf You can use nano

    nano /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

    Uncomment the DBPassword section, and type your password

    zabbix-dbpassword.png

    Then hold ctrl and tap x, it will ask if you want to save changes.

    Enable services:

    systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 nginx php8.2-fpm systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent2 nginx php8.2-fpm

    Check that zabbix service has started

    journalctl -xeu zabbix-server.service

    zabbix7startjob.png

    Delete the 'default site in nginx

    sudo rm -rf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default

    Make sure the symbolic link to the zabbix nginx file is present

    ln -s /etc/zabbix/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/zabbix.conf

    Check that the zabbix nginx file is in the includes in nginx config

    nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

    Look for :

    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*

    Now restart nginx

    systemctl restart nginx

    Hit the browser and type in the IP (or URL that you may have put in the zabbix nginx config file)

    zabbix.png

    Make sure to configure locales

    zabbix-locales.png

    sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

    zabbixlocalestui.png

    zabbix-locales-2.png

    zabbix-locales-command.png

    Reboot the system

    sudo shutdown -r now

    zabbix-utf.png

    Add your database password

    zabbix-db.png

    Add a server name

    zabbix-servername.png

    zabbix-summary.png

    zabbix-config.png

    The default username is Admin, and the password is zabbix

    zabbix-home.png

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  • rickR
    rick
    Unable to negotiate with 10.10.1.35 port 22: no matching host key type found. Their offer: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss

    While attempting ssh this error is generally due to mismatched versions of ssh, where an up to date version is attempting to access an older version

    Add the following to your command :

    The proper way:

    ssh -o KexAlgorithms=diffie-hellman-group14-sha1 -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss 10.10.1.35

    The cheap way:

    Example :

    ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss 10.10.1.35

    or ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss user@10.10.1.35

    This can be added to the ~/.ssh/config file

    Host my-server HostName 10.10.1.35 HostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss
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  • rickR
    rick

    Print command name running on port

    sudo lsof -iTCP -sTCP:LISTEN -n -P | awk 'NR>1 {print $9, $1, $2}' | sed 's/.*://' | while read port process pid; do echo "Port $port: $(ps -p $pid -o command= | sed 's/^-//') (PID: $pid)"; done | sort -n
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  • rickR
    rick

    Locate hard drive and get information

    ls -l /sys/block | grep sd.

    Output:

    lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 22 06:28 sda -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 22 06:28 sdb -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 22 06:28 sdc -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata3/host2/target2:0:0/2:0:0:0/block/sdc lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 22 06:28 sdd -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/ata4/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0/block/sdd

    Or for a more detailed view

    strace -e trace=open lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS sda 8:0 0 3.6T 0 disk ├─data--2-data--2_tmeta 252:3 0 15.9G 0 lvm │ └─data--2-data--2-tpool 252:9 0 3.6T 0 lvm │ ├─data--2-data--2 252:10 0 3.6T 1 lvm │ ├─data--2-vm--101--disk--0 252:11 0 8G 0 lvm │ ├─data--2-vm--103--disk--0 252:12 0 32G 0 lvm │ ├─data--2-vm--107--disk--0 252:13 0 500G 0 lvm │ └─data--2-vm--108--disk--0 252:20 0 100G 0 lvm └─data--2-data--2_tdata 252:6 0 3.6T 0 lvm └─data--2-data--2-tpool 252:9 0 3.6T 0 lvm ├─data--2-data--2 252:10 0 3.6T 1 lvm ├─data--2-vm--101--disk--0 252:11 0 8G 0 lvm ├─data--2-vm--103--disk--0 252:12 0 32G 0 lvm ├─data--2-vm--107--disk--0 252:13 0 500G 0 lvm └─data--2-vm--108--disk--0 252:20 0 100G 0 lvm sdb 8:16 0 698.6G 0 disk └─sdb1 8:17 0 698.6G 0 part /mnt/pve/backups sdc 8:32 0 3.6T 0 disk ├─vm--data-vm--data_tmeta 252:4 0 15.9G 0 lvm │ └─vm--data-vm--data-tpool 252:14 0 3.6T 0 lvm │ ├─vm--data-vm--data 252:15 0 3.6T 1 lvm │ ├─vm--data-vm--100--disk--0 252:16 0 270G 0 lvm │ ├─vm--data-vm--102--disk--0 252:17 0 100G 0 lvm │ ├─vm--data-vm--104--disk--0 252:18 0 25G 0 lvm │ └─vm--data-vm--106--disk--0 252:19 0 32G 0 lvm └─vm--data-vm--data_tdata 252:7 0 3.6T 0 lvm └─vm--data-vm--data-tpool 252:14 0 3.6T 0 lvm ├─vm--data-vm--data 252:15 0 3.6T 1 lvm ├─vm--data-vm--100--disk--0 252:16 0 270G 0 lvm ├─vm--data-vm--102--disk--0 252:17 0 100G 0 lvm ├─vm--data-vm--104--disk--0 252:18 0 25G 0 lvm └─vm--data-vm--106--disk--0 252:19 0 32G 0 lvm sdd 8:48 0 931.5G 0 disk ├─sdd1 8:49 0 1007K 0 part ├─sdd2 8:50 0 1G 0 part └─sdd3 8:51 0 930.5G 0 part ├─pve-swap 252:0 0 8G 0 lvm [SWAP] ├─pve-root 252:1 0 96G 0 lvm / ├─pve-data_tmeta 252:2 0 8.1G 0 lvm │ └─pve-data 252:8 0 794.3G 0 lvm └─pve-data_tdata 252:5 0 794.3G 0 lvm └─pve-data 252:8 0 794.3G 0 lvm +++ exited with 0 +++ cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 3907018584 sda 8 16 732574584 sdb 8 17 732572672 sdb1 8 32 3907018584 sdc 8 48 976762584 sdd 8 49 1007 sdd1 8 50 1048576 sdd2 8 51 975712967 sdd3 252 0 8388608 dm-0 252 1 100663296 dm-1 252 2 8495104 dm-2 252 3 16650240 dm-3 252 4 16650240 dm-4 252 6 3873329152 dm-6 252 5 832888832 dm-5 252 7 3873329152 dm-7 252 8 832888832 dm-8 252 9 3873329152 dm-9 252 10 3873329152 dm-10 252 11 8388608 dm-11 252 12 33554432 dm-12 252 13 524288000 dm-13 252 14 3873329152 dm-14 252 15 3873329152 dm-15 252 16 283115520 dm-16 252 17 104857600 dm-17 252 18 26214400 dm-18 252 19 33554432 dm-19 252 20 104857600 dm-20

    Locate drive by serial and model information

    hdparm -i /dev/sda /dev/sda: Model=WDC WD4000FYYZ-05UL1B0, FwRev=00.0NS05, SerialNo=WD-WCC132262513 Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec SpinMotCtl Fixed DTR>5Mbs FmtGapReq } RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=0 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=off CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=7814037168 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120} PIO modes: pio0 pio3 pio4 DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6 AdvancedPM=yes: unknown setting WriteCache=disabled Drive conforms to: Unspecified: ATA/ATAPI-1,2,3,4,5,6,7 * signifies the current active mode
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  • rickR
    rick

    Screen recording can use webm as their format, it can be more simple to use a gif to embed into a website or forum, than adding scripts to host different video format.

    In this case I grabbed a screen record of the progress for writing zeros to a hard drive with dd

    Use ffmpeg to convert webm to gif:

    First create a pallet:

    Move into the directory which the webm is located, or type in the path

    Where ‘dd.webm’ is the screen recording

    ffmpeg -y -i dd.webm -vf palettegen palette.png

    Output:

    dd-ffmpeg.png

    Then convert the webm to gif:

    ffmpeg -y -i dd.webm -i palette.png -filter_complex paletteuse -r 10 dd.gif

    dd-webm-2.png

    This is what I ended up with, looks like any image of any alien on the interwebz, as if shot through a potato, some tweaking of the command is in my future. None the less.

    dd.gif

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